MMS products
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MMS products
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360° panoramic imagesHigh quality panoramic images provide a good visual understanding and overview of the environment. It enables to collect information that is viewable in a real-life situation. Images cover all directions horizontally and vertically, except the footprint of the fieldwork vehicle. A separate file containing the timestamp, position and orientation of each panoramic image is calculated during data processing.
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Panoramic images can be exported in various resolutions and formats. Most common formats are:
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Close range orthophotos are created with the car mounted 360° camera. It gives an excellent angle to analyze and measure road surfaces.
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In common usage, orthophoto refers to a processed aerial photo, usually taken from a plane or a satellite. Reach-U has developed a unique technology for generating orthophotos from a mobile mapping unit, which is equipped with a roof-mounted camera.
Typical satellite-based orthophotos have resolutions of 60 cm…15 m depending on the location. Better resolution is obtainable locally by taking orthophotos from airplanes. Typically, this results in resolutions of 10-25 cm. Our technology produces quality images at a resolution of 0.5 cm…1 cm. For comparison of aerial and EyeVi orthophoto imagery, see below. |
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USUAL AERIAL ORTHOPHOTO
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EYEVI HD ORTHOPHOTO
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EYEVI ORTHOPHOTO ZOOMED IN |
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Specifications |
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One pixel in an EyeVi orthophoto corresponds to 0.5 cm … 1 cm in reality depending on the placement of the camera (height from ground) and processing parameters.
Relative (measurement) precision: maximal measurement uncertainty is 10% for objects directly on the road. Absolute (location) precision: maximal error is 0.2m The file format is generally a combination of .vrt + .jpg. It is also possible to export orthophotos to a GeoTIFF format. |
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Limitations |
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Generated orthophoto has the minimum width of 18.8 meters (measured perpendicularly with the direction of the road). If the road is wider, multiple drives are conducted in order to guarantee that the whole road is covered.
Generated orthophoto is based on the assumption that the ground is even. Vertical objects (trees, humans, etc.) are distorted, since they are mapped from the viewpoint of the car. Also, distortions arise if the road profile is significantly curved. Roadside ditches and hills are distorted because of the same effect. |
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Point Cloud |
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3D point cloud can be used for accurate measurements and for digitizing objects. Point cloud typically contains xyz coordinates, intensity, timestamp and can be exported to LAS or ASCII .txt format.
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The relative accuracy: accuracy of measuring distance between points
The relative accuracy of EyeVi point cloud is three centimeters. That means that the user can measure different kinds of objects or distances without making an error greater than three centimeters. These might be the width of a street, height of a streetlight post, height of an entrance to a tunnel. |
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The absolute accuracy: accuracy of coordinates in relation to a coordinate system
The absolute accuracy of the point cloud is strongly related to GNSS reception. In good conditions (clear view of the sky, smooth driving), the accuracy of point cloud is generally better than 10 cm. However, in poor GNSS or driving conditions (obstructed sky, lots of stops at intersections or traffic jams), the accuracy is worse, and it is necessary to align the point clouds with ground control points. |
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The density of the point cloud depends on the driving speed – lower speeds result in higher density and higher speeds in lower density. At 50 km/h the density of points on the road surface is approximately 500 points/m2. It is not recommended to exceed 80 km/h due to the point cloud density considerations. Optimal driving speed is 70 km/h for both the 360° camera and the LIDAR.
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Trajectory and other log files |
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In addition to images and point clouds several complementary log files will be included:
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